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But just how do you create a system Which Has a decentralized ledger How can you give someone the ability to update the ledger without giving them too much powerin case they become corrupt or negligent in their work
Well, Bitcoins rulesalso known as the Bitcoin protocolsolves this in a Really creative way I love to call Who Wants to Be a Banker
In short, anyone who wants to take part in updating the ledger of all Bitcoin transactions, known as the blockchain, can do so. All you need is to suppose a random number that solves an equation generated by the computer system. Sounds simple, right
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Obviously, this guessing is all done by your computer. The more powerful your computer is, the further supposes you can create in a second, increasing your chances of winning this match. If you manage to guess correctly, you earn bitcoins and have to write the next page of Bitcoin transactions on the blockchain. .
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1. Once your mining computer comes up with the right suspect, your mining program determines which of the current pending transactions will be grouped together into the next block of transactions. Compiling this block represents the moment of glory, as youve now develop into a temporary banker of Bitcoin who has to update the Bitcoin transaction ledger known as the blockchain. .
2. The block youve created, along with your solution, is sent to the whole network so other computers can validate it. Its somewhat much like some Rubiks cube: The solution is quite tough to achieve but very easy to validate.
3. Each computer that validates your solution updates its copy of this Bitcoin transaction ledger together with the transactions you opted to include in the cube.
4. The system generates a fixed amount of bitcoins (currently 12.5) and rewards them to you as compensation for the time and energy you spent solving the math issue.
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5. Additionally, you get paid any transaction fees that were attached to the transactions you inserted into the next block.
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6. Each of the transactions in the block youve just entered are now confirmed by the Bitcoin network and therefore are virtually irreversible.
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Therefore thats Bitcoin mining in a nutshell. Its called mining due to the fact that this process helps mine new Bitcoins from the system. But if you think about it, the mining component is merely a by-product of this transaction confirmation procedure. Therefore that the name is somewhat misleading, since the main objective of mining is to maintain the ledger in a decentralized manner. .
As you can imagine, since mining is based on a form of guessing, for each block, a different miner will suppose the number and also be granted the right to update the blockchain. Of course, the miners with more computing power will succeed more often, but due to the law of statistical probability, its highly unlikely that the same miner will succeed each time. .
Now you know what Bitcoin mining is, you may be thinking, Cool! Free money! Where do I sign up Well, not so fast
Satoshi Nakamoto, who invented Bitcoin, crafted the rules for mining in a manner that the more mining energy the network gets, the harder it is to guess the answer to the mining mathematics problem. Therefore the difficulty of this mining method is actually self-adjusting to the gathered mining power the network possesses. .
If more miners join, it will get harder to solve the issue; when many of them drop off, it will get easier. This can be known as mining difficulty.
Now, remember, this is on average. We can have two cubes being added minute after minute and then wait an hour for the next block. In the long run, this may even out to ten minutes on average.
As you can imagine, this kind of self-adjusting mechanism has made a sort of arms race to get the most efficient and powerful miners as soon as possible.
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When Bitcoin first started out, there werent a great deal of miners out there. In reality, Satoshi, the inventor of Bitcoin, and also his friend Hal Finney were a couple of the only individuals mining Bitcoin back at the time using their own personal computers.
Using your CPU helpful hints (central processing unityour computers brain and an integrated component in any computer) was enough for mining Bitcoin back in 2009, since mining difficulty was reduced. As Bitcoin started to catch on, folks looked for more powerful mining solutions.